五、 排列次序
例詞:another, the second, the most, the best…
考點:Most important of all, the traditional measures of ‘risk’, such as parents’ age and education, or whether they were a single parent, bore little or no relationship to the measures of achievement and language development。(C5, P63, T12判斷題)
解析:most important of all 強調了最重要的事情,也就是文中比較重要的結論要出爐了。Single parents是題目中的關鍵詞,同樣在這一句里出現了,我們可以利用對信號詞的敏感度,快速抓住文章的考點,進行局部精讀。
六、強調作用
例詞:in fact, in essence, in particular, emphasize…
考點:This, in essence, is the problem of modern sociobiology- to discover the degree to which hard-wired genetic programming dictates…(C5, P21, T18信息包含題)
解析:信息包含題考察細節是在那個段落出現,在做此類題目時,要注意信號詞與考點的密切相關性,從而迅速找準答案。這里出現了in essence (實質上), 起了一定的強調作用,迅速掃讀后,發現同時出現了題目關鍵詞sociobiology, 破折號后面的介詞to是表目的與題目中的the general aim of一致對應。
七、 因果關系
例詞:as, because, since, lead to, as a result, result in, consequently, therefore, thus, the caused of…
考點:The fourth question concerned the causes of the destruction of rainforests. Perhaps encouragingly, more than half of the pupils (59%) identified that it is human activities, which are destroying rainforests… (C4, P19,T11簡答題)
解析:這道簡答題的文本題就是問the reason for the loss of rainforests, 所以我們可以同通過原因信號詞,判斷考點的方位。
八、 舉例子和說明
例詞:for example, for instance, that is to say, i.e., such as, including…
考點: Other substances were then introduced: including fillers, such as woodflour, asbestos or cotton…(C5, P39, T5流程圖)
解析:我們看到such as后面是舉例子,such as 后面的例子可以作為定位詞,woodflour, asbestos, cotton就是fillers的其中一種。Fillers 在這里就是一個概括性的詞語,常常是考點。
(二)非傳統信號詞
一、表達客觀結論findings
例詞:indicate that, suggest that, find out, conclude that, point out, report that, demonstrate that…
考點:But Byers points out that the benefits of increased exercise disappear rapidly after training stops, so any improvement in endurance resulting from juvenile play would be lost by adulthood。(C4, P50, T38配對題)
解析:配對題目是典型的人名和成果的配對,我們到文章中定位人名就比較好找到答案,可是人名出現的地方就一定是考點么?不見得。但是一旦表達客觀結論的信號詞與人名同時出現時,就是考點出沒的地方了。
二、表達主觀觀點statements, opinions
例詞:say, believe, argue that, maintain that, claim…
考點:The UCSF researchers maintain that the simplest and most cost-effective action is to establish smoke-free work places, schools and public places. (C3, P20, T27分類題)
解析:這道分類題考察區分a finding和an opinion。表達個人觀點(an opinion)帶有一定的主觀性,所用的信號詞顯然與客觀事實發現(a finding)的有所區別。
三、特殊符號
例詞: ‘word’, ——, word…
考點:In very significant cases of role change, e.g. from a soldier in the ranks to officer, from bachelor to married man, the change of role has to have a very obvious sign, hence rituals。(C3, P48, T37完成句子)
解析:文中斜體的部分其實就是考察的考點,不知道這個詞語的意思沒有關系,只要能判斷,需要填寫的單詞是斜體部分,照抄過來就可以輕松拿分。
通過我們上面陳列的兩大類信號詞:傳統的與非傳統的,我相信可以給備戰的烤鴨們一點寶貴的做題技巧,信號詞與考點是一對好朋友,所以常常信號詞出現的地方,考點都會在它的附近埋伏著,要留心哦!同時,要掌握每一類信號詞對文章段落的結構起的作用和意義,這樣有利于我們對段落主旨、上下句關系快速的判斷,幫助解題。
另外,烤鴨們要通過對劍橋真題的反復操練,琢磨考點,感悟做題方法,才能得取真經啊!
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