通過錦囊三:三招攻克動詞難點
1.結合語境,推敲狀語,確定動詞時態
語法填空常需要結合語境來確定答案。如果文章的整體時態為過去時,動詞的時態應是與過去相關的時態:一般過去時, 過去進行時,過去完成時等。此外,熟記各種時態的常用時間狀語,對于確定時態有極大的幫助。如:since, so far, up till now, in the past years等是現在完成時的標志;years ago, yesterday, last night是一般過去時態的標志詞;by the end of last (next) month, when he got/gets to the station, before he did sth。常用于過去(將來)完成時態;always 常用于一般現在時和帶有感情色彩的進行時等。但是,做題時仍需結合語境,切忌教條主義。如:
I was in Hangzhou on business for a week last month.There I was greatly struck by the beauty of the West Lake.
2.熟記句型提高速度
(1)It’s time sb. did/should do sth.
(2)sb. would rather did/had done sth.
(3)was/were doing sth....when...
(4)no sooner ...than... hardly...when... scarcely...when.。。句型中主句用過去完成時,從句用一般過去時。如:No sooner had he arrived than it began to rain.
(5)had wanted/hoped to do sth.
(6)It won’t be long before...
(7)It’s/has been+some time+ since sb. did sth.
(8)Would you mind if I did sth.?
(9)be (was/were) about to do sth....when...
3.借助構詞法掌握動詞
常用動詞前綴:
dis- 不,非,相反如:dislike, disagree, discontinue
en- 置于……之中,使成為 如:enable, endanger, enlarge, enrich
fore- 先于,預先 如:foretell, foresee
mis- 壞(或錯),糟糕(或錯誤) 如:misuse, mistake, misfortune, misspell, misunderstand
over- 過于,反轉 如:overeat, overdressed, oversleep, overpraise, overuse, overdrink, overpay, overturn, overthrow
trans-橫穿,進入(另一地方),成為(另一狀態) 如:translate, transform, transcontinental
re- 又,再,重新 如:retell, rewrite
un- 相反 如:unload, uncover
de- ……的反義,向下 如:descend, degrade
out- 超過,過分 如:outdo, outbid
co- 共同,一起 如:coexist, cooperate
常用動詞后綴:
-ize, -ise 成為,使,使像 如:modernize, mechanize, democratize, organize
-en 使成為,變得如:quicken, weaken, soften, harden
-fy 使得,變成如:beautify, purify, intensify, signify, simplify
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