spend的主語通常是人,往往用于以下句型:
1. (sb) spend some money/some time on sth。
2. (sb)spend some money/some time(in)doing sth。
例如:
I spent fifty yuan on the coat。
= I spent fifty yuan (in) buying the coat。我花50元買了這件大衣。
He spent three days on the work。
= He spend three days (in) doing the work。我干這項工作用了3天。
3.spend money for sth;ㄥX買……。
例如:His money was spent for books。他的錢用來買書了。
take常用于“占用、花費”時間,后面常跟雙賓語,其主語通常為形式主語“it”或物。句式是:
1. It takes/took sb.some time to do sth
例如:It will take me two days to do the work。這項工作花了2天時間。
2. Doing sth./Sth.takes sb.some time。
例如: The work will take me two days。這項工作花了2天時間。
Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon。他花了一下午修車。
It took me three years to draw the beautiful horses。
=Drawing the beautiful horses took me three years。
畫這些漂亮的馬花費了我3年時間。
pay為“付款、賠償”之意,主語通常是人,句型
1. sb. pays some money for sth
例如: I paid fifty yuan for the coat。我花50元買了這件大衣。
2. pay (sb。) money for sth。付錢(給某人)買……。
例如:I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month。我每個月要付20英磅的房租。
3. pay money back還錢。
例如:May I borrow 12 yuan from you? I'll pay it back next week。你能借給我12塊錢嗎?下周還你。
4. pay off one's money還清錢。
cost的主語是物或某種活動,還可以表示“值”。句型
1. sth. costs (sb。) +money,某物花了(某人)多少錢。
例如:A new computer costs a lot of money。買一臺新電腦要花一大筆錢。
2. (doing) sth. costs (sb。) +time,某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少時間。
例如:Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time。他花了大量時間才記住了這些單詞。
注意:cost的過去式及過去分詞都是cost,并且不能用于被動句。
北京市海淀區中考試題
I'm interested in animals, so I _____________ every Saturday working in an animal hospital。
A. pay B. get C. take D. spend
【解析】答案:D。該題考查的是pay, get, take和spend這四個動詞的用法區別。只有動詞spend可以用在sb. spends time doing sth。這個句型里,所以正確答案應是spend。
This science book ____ me a great amount of money。
A. took B. cost C. used D. spent
答案:B
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