譯題一:“雙租族”悄然興起
“雙租族”指的是本來擁有住房,卻選擇將房子出租給別人,自己再另外租房子居住,身兼房主與租客雙重身份的人群。近年來,隨著購房成本的不斷上升以及租賃市場的持續(xù)升溫,這種特殊的租賃方式在北京悄然興起。
在我看來,雙租族的誕生有兩大因素,首先是驚人的上學難題,其次是駭人的交通擁堵。以北京為例,由于教育資源投入不均,西城、東城、海淀成為小學教育的貴族區(qū),家長們掏空口袋也要進去,然后在小學附近租房子接送孩子上學。另一種是家實在太遠,由于房價居高不下,大量消費者購房意愿和購買現(xiàn)實不相符。
參考譯文:
Here come double renters
"Double renters" are those who rent a house and then rent their own out to others. They are tenants and landlords at the same time. With the constant upsurge of house prices and the ever greater demand for rentals, "double renting" has gradually caught on in Beijing。
To me, the rise of "double renters" can be attributed to two factors: the egregious difficulty of school enrollment and the horrid traffic congestion. As the first factor is concerned, in Beijing, for example, primary schools in Xicheng District, Dongcheng District and Haidian District are generally deemed as "noble" ones due to the favors bestowed on them by the government so that they have attracted parents to send their children here at all costs. As a result, these parents need to rent a house nearby to take care of their children. Then due to the high house prices, quite a lot of people buy a house far away from where they work, so they choose to be the "double renters"。
“雙租族”是一個漢語新詞。漢語新詞的英譯通常有幾種途徑:一是查看該新詞是否是從英語翻譯過來的,如果是,就可以簡單地采用回譯的翻譯策略;二是查找英語對等詞,關(guān)于對等詞的理解不可過于機械,如果能達到部分對等,就可以考慮采用,并附加適當?shù)慕忉屛淖郑蝗峭耆珱]有可能找到對等詞,或者該詞帶有濃重的中國文化色彩,這樣的話可以考慮音譯或字對字的翻譯,并附加適當?shù)慕忉尅9P者在查找與“雙租族”有關(guān)的英文網(wǎng)頁時一波三折,起初我想到的關(guān)鍵詞主要是double, rent(ing), leas(ing), group, tenant, landlord這些,結(jié)果找到的一些相關(guān)的表達方式,比如tenant-landlord, double leasing等,都與漢語的“雙租族”一詞的含義想去甚遠,但這些搭配的存在又給字對字翻譯造成了困難,因為這樣原有的搭配所形成的意義很容易干涉對漢語譯入詞的正確理解。這樣來看,double rent group, tenant-landlord group等詞就不是很好的選項了。
有些網(wǎng)友另辟蹊徑,翻譯成LOLI (let out let in),可惜英語let in并無“租進來”的意思,因此不夠妥當。網(wǎng)友simmon和webweb關(guān)于造新詞的想法是好的,兩個人分別造出了telord和tena-lord兩個英語新詞,simmon還對如何附加解釋進行了詳細的說明,這一造詞法使我們想起了ungelivable這個流行一時的網(wǎng)絡(luò)詞匯,但我不禁還是要問,我們有權(quán)創(chuàng)造英語單詞嗎?這確實是一個很棘手的問題,盡管語言符號存在著任意性(arbitrariness),但同時語言符號也存在像似性(iconicity)。即便是就任意性而言,這種任意性的本質(zhì)也非符號與意義之間的任意匹配,它一方面受制于社會語言意義上的約定俗成,另一方面受制于符號及符號組合的可能性與適宜性。我們作為外語使用者,還是慎重一點為好,畢竟在我看來,我們創(chuàng)造英語詞匯的權(quán)力要比創(chuàng)造漢語的詞匯要小得多。
最后筆者經(jīng)過調(diào)整搜索關(guān)鍵詞,終于找到了double renter這個表達方式,具體的英文解釋和網(wǎng)站地址如下:Double renters are also those who rent close to the best schools to ensure that their children are within the catchment of these very popular schools, and in turn rent out their property (http://www.articlesnatch.com/Article/What-Is-A-Double-Renter-/2358737)。在上句上,catchment是個比喻,本來指“集水區(qū)”,但這里指“學區(qū)”。
文中的另外一些詞匯的翻譯,也很值得討論,比如“驚人”與“駭人”,都有很多同義的對等詞可以選擇,通覽網(wǎng)友的用詞,不少網(wǎng)友的選擇還不夠“驚人”與“駭人”,感覺稍顯溫柔。“貴族”這個詞英譯后可以加上引號,可以避免不必要的誤解。“掏空口袋”不可直譯,它隱含的意思就是“不惜一切代價(at any costs)”;“接送孩子”也不必翻譯的那么機械,因為在這里租房子陪孩子上學的人,其實就是把生活整個搬了過來,因此翻譯成to take care of their children更明確一些。
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