美國(guó)留學(xué)研究生教育體制:美國(guó)研究生學(xué)位主要分為碩士和博士:
碩:學(xué)術(shù)性碩士學(xué)位(Academic Master’s)
職業(yè)性碩士學(xué)位(Professional Master's)
博士
一、美國(guó)研究生學(xué)位-碩士
碩士學(xué)位又分為學(xué)術(shù)型碩士學(xué)位和職業(yè)型碩士學(xué)位。
1、學(xué)術(shù)型碩士學(xué)位(Academic Master's):MA, MSc,30-60個(gè)學(xué)分,1-2年完成?晒プx博士。Usually awarded in the traditional arts, sciences, and humanities disciplines. The M.S. is also awarded in technical fields such as engineering and agriculture. 學(xué)術(shù)型碩士學(xué)位又可以分為2類(lèi):
1 論文(thesis option):論文答辯+綜合考試
2 非論文(non-thesis option):修課+書(shū)面綜合考試
2、職業(yè)性碩士學(xué)位(Professional Master's):職業(yè)導(dǎo)向,如商科、新聞、國(guó)際關(guān)系、建筑、城市規(guī)劃等,36-48個(gè)學(xué)分。MBA, MSW(Social Work), M. Ed, MFA, MPA, MPP等。不要求thesis,也不要求有相關(guān)本科專(zhuān)業(yè)背景。屬于Terminal Degree,do not lead to doctoral programs。職業(yè)性學(xué)位如果以后要攻讀博士,一般修的碩士學(xué)分不會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)到博士課程。
二、美國(guó)研究生學(xué)位-博士
博士:5-8年
Ph.D. (doctor of philosophy) 最普遍。
Ed.D. or doctor of education
D.B.A. or doctor of business administration
M.D。
注:學(xué)術(shù)型碩士學(xué)位和PhD型學(xué)位一般需要和學(xué)校教授聯(lián)系
專(zhuān)業(yè)分類(lèi)
一、從大的方向上,專(zhuān)業(yè)可以分為兩大類(lèi):
1、 Liberal Arts and Science Programs 文理型專(zhuān)業(yè):
Science自然科學(xué)
Social Science 社會(huì)科學(xué)
Humanities人文科學(xué)
2、 Professional Programs 職業(yè)型專(zhuān)業(yè): Business, Law, Medicine, Engineering, Education, etc。
二、從具體專(zhuān)業(yè)類(lèi)別上,可以分為以下十一大類(lèi)別:
Business
Law
Medicine
Engineering
Education
The Sciences
Library & Information Studies
Social Sciences & Humanities
Health
Public Affairs
Fine Arts
三、專(zhuān)業(yè)方向
Business:
Accounting
Entrepreneurship
Finance
Information Systems
International
Management
Marketing
Nonprofit
Production / Operations
Supply Chain / Logistics
Human resource
Education:
Curriculum and instruction
Education administration & supervision
Education policy
Educational psychology
Elementary teacher education
Higher education administration
Secondary teacher education
Special education
Student counseling & personnel services
Technical / Vocational
Engineering:
Aerospace / Aeronautical / Astronautical
Biological / Agricultural
Biomedical / Bioengineering
Chemical
Civil
Computer Engineering
Electrical / Electronic / Communications
Environmental / Environmental Health
Industrial / Manufacturing
Materials
Mechanical
Nuclear